Atopic dermatitis
It causes dry, itchy and irritated skin that can swell, crack, crust and ooze clear fluid. There is no known cause, though it often affects people will a family history of allergies. Many factors can trigger or worsen this condition, including harsh soaps and detergents, lotions, allergies and even cold weather.

Contact eczema
It is a localized reaction (like redness, itching and burning) that occurs when the body reacts against a substance in contact with the skin. Repeated contact with this substance, or allergen, will cause the allergic reaction to develop over time. General irritants like certain chemicals are triggers, so are metals in jewellery and buckles, types of fabric and even perfume.

Seborrhoeic eczema
Signs and symptoms include yellowish, oily and scaly patches of skin on the scalp, face and sometimes other body parts. Skin becomes inflamed and starts to flake, causing dandruff on the head. Emotional stress, oily skin, infrequent shampooing and weather conditions are possible triggers.

Other types include:

• Xerotic eczema (triggered by extreme dryness)
• Dyshidrosis (a common type of hand eczema)
• Discoid eczema (round spots of oozing or dry rash)
• Venous eczema (occurs in those with impaired circulation, varicose veins and edema)
• Dermatitis herpetiformis (intensely itchy with symmetrical rashes)
• Neurodermatitis (caused by habitual rubbing and scratching)
• Autoeczematization (reaction to infection with parasites, fungi, bacteria or viruses)